Apple has told us that—first—unlocking software causes "irreparable damage" to the iPhone and—second—this "will likely result" in a "permanently inoperable" device in the future. Is this true or is Apple trying to spread fear, uncertainty and doubt among potential unlocked-iPhone users? The short answer: Yes, it's FUD on both accounts. We've worked with the Dev Team and lawyers to bring you the technical explanation and the potential legal consequences of Apple's move.
The iPhone Unlocking vs Apple FAQ
Does unlocking software cause "irreparable damage" to the iPhone?
No, it doesn't. The only thing that the anySim software does is modify part of the firmware so it's not limited to use only AT&T SIM cards. Modify is not "damaging." It just means that specific values in the seczone have been replaced by others. Technically, according to the Dev Team:
It modifies the firmware to accept any given nck to open the phone for any carrier. This causes the phone to write a bogus values into the seczone as an unlock token.
This means that values can be written and changed back to their original state easily, just as easily as they were originally changed to allow the unlock.
Could Apple have been able to upgrade iPhones without the likely possibility of bricking the iPhone? (According to Apple, their firmware will likely and "permanently" make the device "inoperable.")
Yes, it could have been done. As someone in the Dev Team core puts it:
Apple has multiple ways of upgrading the [firmware of the] baseband [radio chip] without committing a 500,000-phone massacre.First, they can issue a secpack [security pack] for everything in the firmware. They could simply issue one of these to restore the value if a regular token is not detected, thus rewriting this part to its original state. This process would most likely defeat any unlock available, Dev Team or iPhone Sim Free, without bricking the iPhone in any way.
New firmware updates could also employ new firmware which closes the loophole that allows the use of a secpack for other operations. They could make this method of updating even resistant to tampering or abuse for a unlock. The possibilities are there.
So yes, as you can see, Apple could do the described operation, changing the values back to its original state then forcing a restore to factory of the whole firmware.
Is the total bricking a real possibility?
It's not clear if Apple will finally brick or not the iPhone in the next update. Or what they mean with "permanently inoperable." The Dev Team speculates that "it won't be a true bricking at all. The firmware would probably roll back to a default state similar to its state after manufacturing. This state is indicated by a lost IMEI number, which results in the iPhone being unusable with any network."
In fact, this is what you will get if you flash a retail firmware in any phone that has been previously updated.
But is this problem permanent?
No, it's not. The problem is not permanent and can be reverted, as the Dev Team points out:
Currently this state is easy to fix, but future [hardware] updates will just close the flashing flaw and let you alone with your factory-like phone.
After the bricking, can Apple provide a way to revert iPhones to factory status and re-lock iPhones, patching them so the current unlock solution can't be applied?
Yes, definitely. See above. If the iPhone Dev Team hackers can do it, working with no documentation, Apple engineers can do exactly the same.
Will the iPhone Dev Team revert the iPhone to its original state
Yes, they have said before they are working on this and they have code already written to do so.
This code, however, won't unlock the iPhone again, it'll just revert it to factory state. New unlocking software may come soon thereafter. There's more information on this, but we can't use it in this article yet.
Knowing all this, what could be the legal consequences? Could Apple get sued for damaging private property, consciously knowing that their update will brick unlocked cellphones unnecessarily?
While they can get sued, the lawsuit will hardly prosper. Apple is very well covered by their warranty text. Here's what our legal advisor had to say on the matter:
As far as I have read, the software unlock will permit the phone to operate outside of Apple's intended use, i.e. on another network. Arguably, the US iPhone was designed (firmware included) to operate only on the ATT network.The warranty says: "This warranty does not apply: (a) to damage caused by use with non- Apple products; (b) to damage caused by accident, abuse, misuse, flood, fire, earthquake or other external causes; (c) to damage caused by operating the product outside the permitted or intended uses described by Apple."
The question is then whether unlocking/installing third party software on the phone "damages" the phone. It's clear that physical alteration of the phone to allow it to connect to another network (like the hardware unlock method) will void the warranty.
However, damage to the phone does not necessarily exclude firmware/software hacks. Apple could claim to "void" the warranty if the phone is returned to the apple store in an unlocked state if alterations are made to the firmware, thus allowing it operate outside of its intended use (i.e. on the AT&T network) or installing third party applications (after all, apple's intended use of the product did NOT include installation of 3rd party products.)
If, as you claim, the phone could be returned to its natural state before service, then I would recommend everyone return the phone to its factory state before any service is made to avoid a flag in apple's hardware database of a "void warranty for intentional damage.
How does the DMCA Library of Congress' exception protecting consumers to unlock their telephone work in this case?
It doesn't. The provision only applies in the case Apple decides to sue you in the name of copyright infringement. So you are free to unlock your iPhone and not be prosecuted under the DMCA but Apple is also free to void the warranty of your product. According to Giz's unofficial legal advisor:
The DMCA provision that everyone loves to cite allows circumvention of device controls "for the sole purpose of lawfully connecting to a wireless telephone communication network..." that allows an unlock applies only to claims of copyright infringement —not warranty claims.
Could Apple legally void the warranty of a hardware product because you install or modify software in it? (basically, this is what the unlock and installing third-party apps do)
Yes, as you can see above, Apple can. At least, unless someone decides to sue the pants out of Apple in a class-action suit and they are forced to negotiate —something that could be possible, given the PR storm that may come from this mess, even if Apple is in solid legal ground and it is impossible to prove malicious intent with hard proof. As our lawyer points out:
Apple is under no obligation to support any third party "updates" to their phone. Once the device has been taken out of the realm of original specifications (including the original Apple-developed firmware/software), Apple is under no obligation to provide any support to the product.I've also been hearing claims of "Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act" violations regarding the iPhone on the part of Apple. From Wikipedia: "The Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act (P.L. 93-637) is a United States federal law (15 U.S.C. § 2301 et seq.). Enacted in 1975, it is the federal statute that governs warranties on consumer products." Apple can by-pass these violations because they apply only to products that fail to conform to the original written warranty. As described above, the original written warranty will only apply to unmodified iPhones. Once the radio firmware on the iPhone is altered, it is operating outside of Apple's intended use and outside of the realm of the original warranty.
Could Apple have maliciously broken or not taken action once it discovered the "bricking" nature of the update?
Here's our lawyer answer:
Apple can update the phone as it sees fit as long as the updates do not breach the original terms of the warranty. Proving Apple's intent isn't realistically possible. In theory, Apple and AT&T seek to protect their revenue stream and there is plenty of intent to brick non AT&T iPhones, however, proving such malicious intent is exceptionally difficult. Given that the product is being used outside of its normal design specifications—used on AT&T network— all damage caused to the iPhone by Apple updates will arguably be the end user's fault.
Would a lawsuit hold up?
As you can see, probably not.
In any case, if the rumors are true, we will probably see the update late today or tomorrow. It seems like the battle was won, but the iPhone wars have just started.











Comments
I am not an apple fanboy at all, but it seems to me if they brick the iphone in any future updates it just seals the deal for the rapid decline in any apple hardware. I think if they brick 500,000 or more phones that people paid 400-600 dollars for, there will be a serious effect on the future sales of any of their hardware, because people will feel like they are just wasting money. I dont know, but thats just what I think. I dont think Apple will really brick anyones phones.
Just one more reason to save my dollars for the OpenMoko Neo 197x. Due out soon...
True, but AT&T may be forcing their hand. *shrug*
This kind of nonsense is part of the reason I sold my PSP. The other part is that the games sucked.
@leetgeek: We are talking about a handful of people here, not the Gizfudo suggested 500,000.
i'm an attorney too and i think an argument can be made that the "damage" was not done by the third party apps but by the firmware update. i get that the phones were used outside of the scope of the user agreement. but it certainly is a foreseeable use. like the giz lawyer said, the lawsuit may not prevail, but i think it would have enough merit to provide media fodder to an extent that apple would not be comfortable with.
Yup. Apple's in kind of a tough spot here. AT&T has to be screaming in their ear about these unlocks but the truth is there's really not anything Apple can do except patch over them and issue statements calling changed code permanent damage.
I know the unlocking haters seem to be of the opinion that Apple would be within their rights to try and permanently brick the phones but in the real world they'd get sued so fast it would make your head spin if they succeeded in destroying users perfectly functional iPhones.
Of course, that's if it was even possible. If this demonstrates anything, it's how unlikely that would be. You change the code. You change it back. There's not that much going on here.
Thanks to the iPhone Dev team for all their hard work and don't forget to contribute. My unlocked phone works great and I'm not at all worried.
The 1.1.1 firmware update is available now. Go get it guys!
Here's a thought....
Just sign up with AT&T and you don't have any problems! Wow, what a concept!
Holy cow....it's 152mb!
@leetgeek: You should get some new reading glasses
It says "without". So like FALCONFIRE said, it would only be a handful.
@frostoy: Yeah, for all those people who live abroad that's a fantastic option!
The Apple is quickly becoming rotten what-with all the lockdown antics on their best handheld items (iPod touch and iPhone). They're only killing sales by doing so. Many more people would buy a touch if there was an official SDK and 3rd party apps were encouraged.
The one issue NOT addressed here is that any update is OPTIONAL for end-users. End users can always choose not to apply the updates from Apple (and forgo the "enhanced" features in the update) while retaining their unlocked phones. This ability to "opt-out" of the update insulates Apple from most litigation.
If Apple chose to FORCE this update (via OTA or otherwise) and brick the unlocked phones then they would have a much bigger legal problem.
Question: If I restore my iPhone to factory settings now, will this future update still brick my iPhone if I installed 3rd party apps on it before I restored it?
The dev team would be a lot more credible if they'd stop throwing around gigantic numbers like "500,000" that everyone (including them) knows are hugely overblown. That's almost as much FUD as what Apple is spewing.
so, reports indicate the update is out, how have people fared with updating sim-unlocked phones?
Maybe if we're lucky Apple will be in the centre of the perfect legal storm - sued by the unlockers for bricking their phones and sued by AT&T for not bricking phones fast enough and thereby breaching AT&T's right of quiet enjoyment and other contractual provisions. asolution would be for Apple to return most of AT&T's money, and then sell the phone unlocked for use on any GSM Network, but I guess that wouldn't work because Apple wanted to make money from (1) sales of phones, (2) sale of exclusive rights and (3) ongoing usage fees. Well, AT&T paid a lot for #2, and I expect them to use all legal levers to protect their purchase.
I really can't beleive I am taking AT&T's side here after years of crappy service, but I stronly beleive that when Apple sells something for big bucks (exclusivity) they have an obligation to deliver. All the Apple fanboys should be mad at Apple, not AT&T - it was Apple that wanted this licensing model.
I heard AT&T was behind every war and natural disaster since their birth in 1885. Thats not my wireless provider!
Call me stupid, but what's the point of unlocking the phone? I understand the "because it's there" mentality, but I don't see the practicality of it.
As I understand it, you MUST get an AT&T 2 year contract with it, so if you unlock the phone & go with another carrier, aren't you now paying 2 cell phone bills instead of just one?
Sure, some may live outside the US, but Apple is releasing it in UK & Germany soon, and I'm sure it'll roll out in other countries & on other carriers. If you're getting an iPhone & unlocking it, who's paying the AT&T contract?
Do people really hate AT&T that much? I'm on VZW, and they've got their issues, but I don't hate 'em enough to leave 'em. If I did, I'd just get a phone that worked on another network when I switched.
I guess I'm just really confused. Any civilized answers are welcome.
Is it just me or does anyone else think that maybe Old Job-boy and his gang saw this coming and made plans for it? I see lot'so very free publicity here.
@Joseph: well first of all I didnt say they will definately brick their phones. I said I dont think they would, because it would be a stupid move. Yes, they probably have millions and millions of ways to update their firmware without bricking the phones, but who says at&t will allow them to use these firmware upgrade methods.
@leetgeek:
I do not like Apple AT ALL, but I fail to see how this is going to lead to decline. ONLY those who choose to unlock the phone might see bricking, and how is this Apple's fault at all? What is wrong about taking legal action to fight illegal modification?
Your kind of thinking is what creates the sea of piracy in China.
@FreeMan: The reason for me to unlock is that I will be taking a two week trip to Singapore, Hong Kong, Philippines and Thailand. I want to use pre-paid SIM cards in those countries while on vacation and NOT pay the outrageous AT&T roaming rates. When I get back, I will resume my AT&T service...
@ Freeman
No, you don't have to get a contract with it. I live in the UK and I will *not* be paying £35 a month for a deal that i can get for £20 on a different network. That is why I will be unlocking my iPhone.
They tell you that you "must" get a 2 year AT&T contract because that's the only carrier the phone will legally work through.
But in actuality, you buy the phone at the AT&T store, then go home and set up the account yourself. They don't sit there and actually make you do anything.
lmao, it's a good read, however we live in a place called America with retailers like bestbuy or frys and corporations like apple. Whether or not a skilled lawyer and dev team can wrangle the English language in such a way that they feel they aren't 'damaging' the iPhone doesn't mean jack. going to file a class action lawsuit if apple voids you warranty? great. give me a call in five years.
while i appreciate the effort which has gone into this article, most of it is 'well apple says x but it's really y' which doesn't matter if apple sticks to their party line.
@FreeMan:
You don't actually sign up with AT&T until you activate the iPhone through iTunes. If you skip the activation and use an unlock on the phone, AT&T sees nothing from you. The one thing they do see though, is that they sold X amount of phones and only Y number of activations which is why they could get on Apples case about the phone unlocks, the number you get from X-Y is all lost revenue for them.
Thank you, Jesus, for including some legal insight into the situation. It is obvious that Apple needs to protect its investments and its business partners (in this case, AT&T), but they can do so without intentionally hurting their customers. If you want to make modifications to a product you own, that's your right. But, you also have to understand what modifying said product could lead to, including possibly damaging it. It's up to each individual to decide what they want to do with their iPhone, but the responsibility of voiding your warranty is ultimately yours.
Gizmodo!!! Stop, Stop, Stop with the Star Wars references. It was funny the first few times, but now its getting really old. You guys are killing it for me. Use something esle!
I knew it. Needless to say more, my comment to the article on the subject was accurate.
Actually this is no different to flashing the DVD drives to be region free.
Apple has outlined what is covered by warranty and the altering of the iPhone (software/hardware) is definately a breach of warranty just like the fireware hacks to change the DVD drives to Multizone.
All I can say to everyone who supposedly is going to be the proud owner of a $500 brick is:
Ha Ha.
i agree, i think it's alot more of apple throwing their corporate weight around and Apple giving them a hand in doing so. The backlash against apple may be devastating to their hardware sales in the future if enough publicity is given to this.
I think it's less of Apple throwing their weight around and more about them covering their asses.
I think it's funny that everyone thinks that this is an intentional act on Apple's part. The fact is that people are out there mucking around with the low level software on these phones and Apple should be in now way held responsible for testing their updates to work on those phones.
The article above mentions that Apple could have done this or that to ensure that unlocked phones wouldn't be damage, but why should they? By adding that level of protection, they are adding to the internal cost of the update, which will be passed on onto their users. And why would any company make an effort to protect people who are costing them revenue? With Apple getting a slice of each monthly bill it is in their best financial interests to keep that money coming in.
Why does nobody whine about Sprint phones that can't be used with other providers?
So it's only available on AT&T...so what, all cell phone providers suck, so what's the difference? You want to use it in another country? Too bad, it's not available there. Should it be? Yes, but it's not.
The bottom line is that everyone knows that the iPhone only officially works with AT&T when they buy one. As a consumer, you are making.
Everyone has the right to modify whatever product they own in whatever fashion they please, be it something simple or otherwise, but the manufacturer of that product is under no obligation to maintain compatibility to those who do.
As Apple warned earlier this week, the latest firmware update did, in fact, "break" unlocked iPhones and kill unofficial 3rd party iPhone apps. It's still not clear how intentional this was, but it still seems like something that Apple should have made at least a little more of an effort to avoid.
seriously, if you brick it, there's still warranty. so go drop a few drops of a water into the headphone jack, let it dry and claim it died on its own. they'll give you a new one. apple sucks.
honestly, why hate on microsoft when apple is a huge prick?
My hope: Dev team hacks firmware updates and releases their own 'update stream' to integrate new features and bugfixes without bricking.
The issue here is in regards to apples intentional bricking of the hacked iphones. If apple would have upgraded the entire firmware all phones would act the same after the update whether they were hacked or not. They would be back in a locked state and fully functional. If this was the case no one would have a valid point to complain about. AT&T should be frustrated because it just cost them customers. If the phone was put back in a locked state iPhone users would realize that they will have to either keep there AT&T account or go without a cell phone everytime apple locks it back up.
@Skyyboy: @xanderbeedle: @shocker: @Havok154:
Just in case you guys come back by... Thanks for the civilized answers! Other than the travel, those are all reasons that had never occurred to me. Much obliged.
See you dumbass fan boys . . . Apple sucks. They are great at marketing and building a pretty device but like the shiny rocking horse in the window is rotten to the core.
I think the issue here is that you can legaly purchase an iphone without ATT service. Since you can do this, you have signed no contract to use the phone with that service. Part of the selling point of the phone is the regular updates that apple supplies through itunes. Now, you have a legaly purchased phone, no obligation to use ATT, and updates that you should receive from apple. Now you go and unlock, or install your apps, and you void your warranty, which is reasonable. However, it is not reasonable and of questionable legality for apple to supply you with the promised updates, but with a specific intent of damaging your phone that is unlocked or contains 3rd party apps. Apple may have the right to void your warranty and refuse you service, but they dont have the right to purposely damage a phone they dont feel is being used in a manner they originally intended. If these updates happened to inadvertently cause some damage, then that would still at best make them look bad, but it seems they have gone out of their way to make sure this happens. Apple is at a turning point as to how they will deal with this from now on. Getting into an all out hacking war seems ridiculous, and will only tarnish their image. It will be interesting to see where it goes from here.