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To be fair the Amazon breast archery thing was probably less about sport and more about warfare. Sort of a different kettle of fish.
Great article though. True fairness in competition is pretty impossible though. The best they can do is categorize people into very roughly equal groups and have them compete amongst themselves.
The carbon fibre legs are an incredible piece of technology though. The sensation of running on them is pretty hard to imagine and one I've always been oddly curious about. #oscarpistorius
Until today, there are no evidences that amazons cut their breast of in order of improving bow proficiency. Hell, there are no evidences that amazons ever existed in first place.
Edited by SewerShark: LOOK BEHIND YOU, A THREE HEADED MONKEY!!! at 11/13/09 5:48 AM
SewerShark: LOOK BEHIND YOU, A THREE HEADED MONKEY!!! was starred
SewerShark: LOOK BEHIND YOU, A THREE HEADED MONKEY!!! was unstarred
@daemonoid: Breast reduction is different than "cut your breast off". Lots of girls who have back pains reduce their breast.
And what I meant is that you should not use a myth to prove you point of view. #oscarpistorius
Amazons are a part of Greek mythology. They supposedly prevented the growth of the right breast by cauterizing it while young. The author had the side mixed up, but it is most assuredly a true part of the mythology.
@Furiosa:
The word Amazon is of unknown origin, however a folk etymology popped up which explained the word as being a deriviative of the preface "a-", meaning "without", followed by "mazos", meaning "breast". This folk etymology was supported by the folktale that Amazons cut off one breast to facilitate archery. However, this is most likely a story designed to discourage women from taking up archery. This speculation is supported by even the most casual observation of modern day female archers who are more than capable of using the bow with all breasts intact.
Source: [www.whoosh.org]
The image that says with most people is that of single-breasted women. Sounds like a shocker doesn't it? But a recent survey indicated that single-breasted women with a quiver of arrows slung on their shoulders epitomize the women warriors of the Amazon. According to myth, the Amazons were an all-female society of fierce warriors who supposedly lived in the area north of the Black Sea about 700 years before the fifth century BC. Supposedly they cut off one breast to make shooting a bow and arrow easier. But this has never been proved even in the myths. The word Amazon itself has some connotation with breasts.
Source: [www.buzzle.com]#oscarpistorius
@Ayleron: In what point exactly you disagree? From what I readied on the article, the Dahomey Amazons were a military regiment, not an all female tribe. And it does not say anything about cutting out one breast, which is, basically, the point here.
Edited by SewerShark: LOOK BEHIND YOU, A THREE HEADED MONKEY!!! at 11/13/09 10:44 AM
SewerShark: LOOK BEHIND YOU, A THREE HEADED MONKEY!!! was starred
SewerShark: LOOK BEHIND YOU, A THREE HEADED MONKEY!!! was unstarred
@SewerShark: Yeah, you're right. They were probably thinking about the ones that cut off a breast to assure super fast shipping and the lowest prices online. #oscarpistorius
Note to Gizmodo: It is articles like this which show why blogs can destroy old media. Keep it up.
This piece was brilliant - interesting, insightful, provocative and most importantly, well written. Thank you Aimee, thank you Gizmodo! #oscarpistorius
Thank you for this thought-provoking article. Previously, I tended to side along the lines of thinking that artificial legs in a race would automatically be unfair. Bringing up other alterations of athletes that improve vision or reduce drag really compelled me to think further on the matter. Having the best vision or the lowest drag isn't going to automatically get you the gold in golf or swimming. There is more to being an athlete than a single skill or ability. The mind and body of an athlete is wholly trained. #oscarpistorius
Having not wanting to post on anything on Gizmodo since the Brian/HALO pack trashing debate, I am thrilled to say this is a first class article....thank you for hosting it Gizmodo and thank you for writing it Aimee
This is a FANTASTIC article by an AMAZING author. Top notch first rate stuff here. I'm really impressed with Gizmodo and Aimee (especially Aimee) thanks for bringing some - 'personality' to Gizmodo. A close to home post that's a real eye opener here. #oscarpistorius
This continues to be some of the best content Gizmodo has ever hosted. Aimee, you are an excellent writer as well as all the other things, and this long form exploration of a topic is really working for me.
I'm an athlete and if I decide to do anything, run, bike, lift weights, etc I must make sure that my body is primed with the correct foods. I must warm and stretch the muscles, and do so repeatedly. If I don't have carbs in my system I may not have muscular power, if I don't have protein, I may not have any at all.
So, an athlete with natural muscles has to worry about and manage their muscles to use them to a high degree. Even then, it's a gamble, a muscle could tear or just crap out during use.
A person with metal limbs does not have to manage any of this, thus they have a bizarre advantage.
@phillyfreedomforum: For some muscles involved in the activity, you're right. But there are still plenty of muscles that amputee athletes can injur just as intact athletes can. Perhaps those with prosthetic running legs are even more suseptible to pulling or straining some muscles (I'm no athlete, just speculating). #oscarpistorius
I'm so glad you wrote this. Since Gizmodo announced you were going to be a guest editor, I had been looking forward to this article, addressing the issue. The fact is that all of the rules constraining what sort of "enhancements" are permissible in athletic competitions are arbitrary lines that ostensibly distinguish some artificial definition of "human" from something else (more than, less than, or other). I think it's important to constantly re-evaluate where those lines are drawn and why, which requires people willing to challenge those lines. Thank you! #oscarpistorius
It was an excellent and well-written piece, and certainly a valid argument. I could've also forever done without that photo of LASIK surgery being performed. Wow. I've seen pictures of rotator cuff surgery and not found it as bad. #oscarpistorius
@bozack: Is it, though? I would think that the paralympics were created because, in general, paralympic athletes wouldn't be able to qualify for the olympics, so the paralympics were created to give this type of athlete a venue. But in Aimee's case, she can compete at the oplympic level, so why shouldn't she? #oscarpistorius
@bozack: I don't think you got the point of the article.
Athletes who are considered "normal" are already "special" thanks to the advanced equipment like the swimsuit or laser eye surgery, thus it is not fair to separate athletes who can compete on a similar level yet aren't considered "normal".
The differences between a runner like Aimee and one who has both their original legs is not able to be attributed to any one factor cleanly. So much is involved in athletic ability that it is unfair to call out only one factor simply because it is more visible. #oscarpistorius
Fantastic article that definitely made me think about human performance ethics in a new light. It seems to me that what you are getting as the subjective nature of performance growing in relation to technological advancement. And a question we might pose is to what degree human will and capacity for training and growth as athletes depends upon such advancements as well as resources available. If we take it upon ourselves to go on a fully reductive train of thought we will come to the point of free will. To the extent that technology mitigates the efforts of an individual who would have otherwise using her own devices outperform another, we come against a kind of unfairness. And in regard to your own condition the problem becomes infinitely more complex because such a hypothetical chip which can control "acceptable metrics" cannot account for the bodies ability to change based upon efforts exerted. It may very well be possible that the nature of competition as we know it is in the midst of a tremendous paradigm shift of sorts. A paradigm shift which necessarily makes us uncomfortable.
One area this has been discussed for years is wheelchair competitors in marathons. They are routinely held back from starting because organizers don't want the symbolism of a wheelchair 'unfairly' crossing the finish line first.
The compromise seems pretty simple: if you willing to amputate limbs to increase athletic performance, there should be no restrictions to your competing. The frustrations one would encounter using a wheelchair everywhere else in the world should be seen a sacrifice far exceeding the proverbial getting up early in the morning to work out. Those 'fortunate' enough to be born without limbs (and in wheelchair racing having lower extremities is a disadvantage having to with weight and chair design) would be the same as a basketball player fortunate enough to be born tall. Or with exceptionally acute vision. Wade Boggs' hitting skills were mostly attributed to that fact.
The cultural exclusion is fascinating -- these athletes are seen less than normal and more than human simultaneously. #oscarpistorius
Excellent writing and good points from a writer with (how rare) expert-level, first-person insight into the issue.
But I consider one of Ms. Mullins' first assertions far more important than all the handwringing questing here. Namely, that the idea of a 'level playing field' is ludicrous.
Eighty to ninety percent of a person's ability to succeed in high-level competition is pure genetic luck.
Period.
Training, determination, 'courage' - all these smarmy terms we hear constantly in sports talk, are just pablum. Even brutal, professionally supervised training can only improve ones' VO2 max about 10-12 percent. And one's ratio of slow-twitch to fast-twitch muscle fibers is similarly, but not as rigidly fixed. You might as well say that being black is an unfair advantage for sprinters and basketball players.
The average person, even if they were to train hard and continually from pre-teen years, will never have a prayer of coming close to college, olympic, or professional caliber performance. Period. Have tall, thin parents? Then you're "athletic." Born stocky? Then you're "out of shape" regardless of how hard you train and diet.
And it's about time that spectators and the sporting press - like the titled British lords who began the Olympic 'ideals' of amateur sport (considerations of money were sooo banal, after all) - pulled their head out and realized that these people are professional gladiators, and that some flexibility is required when dealing with 'unfair advantages.'
It's ironic that the average sports spectator, or sports governing body executive, thinks nothing of downing supplements, energy drinks or medications in their own recreational pursuits, but goes all moralistic when someone is accused of cheating by taking, say, an asthma medication they need to keep from wheezing.
It's recreation and entertainment, not some ethical purity quest. Ethics are best reserved for far more important subjects, but we tend to obsess most about them when they're applied to trivial pursuits. This gets taken to its most bizarre conclusions in the small-pond debates of Himalayan alpinists. #oscarpistorius
11/13/09
Great article though. True fairness in competition is pretty impossible though. The best they can do is categorize people into very roughly equal groups and have them compete amongst themselves.
The carbon fibre legs are an incredible piece of technology though. The sensation of running on them is pretty hard to imagine and one I've always been oddly curious about. #oscarpistorius
11/13/09
11/13/09
Simona Halep an up and coming tennis star with DD breasts had a reduction so that she could play with less interference:
[www.theregister.co.uk] #oscarpistorius
11/13/09
And what I meant is that you should not use a myth to prove you point of view. #oscarpistorius
11/13/09
Amazons are a part of Greek mythology. They supposedly prevented the growth of the right breast by cauterizing it while young. The author had the side mixed up, but it is most assuredly a true part of the mythology.
11/13/09
The word Amazon is of unknown origin, however a folk etymology popped up which explained the word as being a deriviative of the preface "a-", meaning "without", followed by "mazos", meaning "breast". This folk etymology was supported by the folktale that Amazons cut off one breast to facilitate archery. However, this is most likely a story designed to discourage women from taking up archery. This speculation is supported by even the most casual observation of modern day female archers who are more than capable of using the bow with all breasts intact.
Source: [www.whoosh.org]
The image that says with most people is that of single-breasted women. Sounds like a shocker doesn't it? But a recent survey indicated that single-breasted women with a quiver of arrows slung on their shoulders epitomize the women warriors of the Amazon. According to myth, the Amazons were an all-female society of fierce warriors who supposedly lived in the area north of the Black Sea about 700 years before the fifth century BC. Supposedly they cut off one breast to make shooting a bow and arrow easier. But this has never been proved even in the myths. The word Amazon itself has some connotation with breasts.
Source: [www.buzzle.com] #oscarpistorius
11/13/09
I'll politely disagree with you second claim. [en.wikipedia.org] #oscarpistorius
11/13/09
I think you are reading about the wrong amazons.
11/13/09
11/13/09
11/13/09
This piece was brilliant - interesting, insightful, provocative and most importantly, well written. Thank you Aimee, thank you Gizmodo! #oscarpistorius
11/12/09
11/12/09
In all seriousness, I'll put my vote in for:
Best.Gizmodo.Article. Ever. #oscarpistorius
11/12/09
Very impressed that someone who dedicates so much time to perfecting a sport can also write so well. #oscarpistorius
11/12/09
11/13/09
11/13/09
(See her TED presentation if you don't know what I'm talking about.) #oscarpistorius
11/12/09
11/12/09
11/12/09
I'm an athlete and if I decide to do anything, run, bike, lift weights, etc I must make sure that my body is primed with the correct foods. I must warm and stretch the muscles, and do so repeatedly. If I don't have carbs in my system I may not have muscular power, if I don't have protein, I may not have any at all.
So, an athlete with natural muscles has to worry about and manage their muscles to use them to a high degree. Even then, it's a gamble, a muscle could tear or just crap out during use.
A person with metal limbs does not have to manage any of this, thus they have a bizarre advantage.
11/12/09
11/12/09
11/12/09
11/12/09
11/12/09
11/12/09
Athletes who are considered "normal" are already "special" thanks to the advanced equipment like the swimsuit or laser eye surgery, thus it is not fair to separate athletes who can compete on a similar level yet aren't considered "normal".
The differences between a runner like Aimee and one who has both their original legs is not able to be attributed to any one factor cleanly. So much is involved in athletic ability that it is unfair to call out only one factor simply because it is more visible. #oscarpistorius
11/12/09
11/12/09
The compromise seems pretty simple: if you willing to amputate limbs to increase athletic performance, there should be no restrictions to your competing. The frustrations one would encounter using a wheelchair everywhere else in the world should be seen a sacrifice far exceeding the proverbial getting up early in the morning to work out. Those 'fortunate' enough to be born without limbs (and in wheelchair racing having lower extremities is a disadvantage having to with weight and chair design) would be the same as a basketball player fortunate enough to be born tall. Or with exceptionally acute vision. Wade Boggs' hitting skills were mostly attributed to that fact.
The cultural exclusion is fascinating -- these athletes are seen less than normal and more than human simultaneously. #oscarpistorius
11/12/09
But I consider one of Ms. Mullins' first assertions far more important than all the handwringing questing here. Namely, that the idea of a 'level playing field' is ludicrous.
Eighty to ninety percent of a person's ability to succeed in high-level competition is pure genetic luck.
Period.
Training, determination, 'courage' - all these smarmy terms we hear constantly in sports talk, are just pablum. Even brutal, professionally supervised training can only improve ones' VO2 max about 10-12 percent. And one's ratio of slow-twitch to fast-twitch muscle fibers is similarly, but not as rigidly fixed. You might as well say that being black is an unfair advantage for sprinters and basketball players.
The average person, even if they were to train hard and continually from pre-teen years, will never have a prayer of coming close to college, olympic, or professional caliber performance. Period. Have tall, thin parents? Then you're "athletic." Born stocky? Then you're "out of shape" regardless of how hard you train and diet.
And it's about time that spectators and the sporting press - like the titled British lords who began the Olympic 'ideals' of amateur sport (considerations of money were sooo banal, after all) - pulled their head out and realized that these people are professional gladiators, and that some flexibility is required when dealing with 'unfair advantages.'
It's ironic that the average sports spectator, or sports governing body executive, thinks nothing of downing supplements, energy drinks or medications in their own recreational pursuits, but goes all moralistic when someone is accused of cheating by taking, say, an asthma medication they need to keep from wheezing.
It's recreation and entertainment, not some ethical purity quest. Ethics are best reserved for far more important subjects, but we tend to obsess most about them when they're applied to trivial pursuits. This gets taken to its most bizarre conclusions in the small-pond debates of Himalayan alpinists. #oscarpistorius
11/12/09