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Updated Formula on Alien Intelligence Suggests We Really Are Alone in the Galaxy

The Sombrero Galaxy.
The Sombrero Galaxy. Image: NASA/Hubble

Astronomer Frank Drake formulated his influential equation in 1961 to estimate the number of civilizations in the Milky Way capable of communicating with us. Our understanding of planetary science has changed a lot since then, leading a team of scientists to propose a pair of important adjustments that produce an answer that could explain the Great Silence. – George Dvorsky Read More