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Castelbouc Cave

Photo: Rémi Flament/Journal of Vertabrate Paleontology
Photo: Rémi Flament/Journal of Vertabrate Paleontology

About 166 million years ago, some of the largest dinosaurs to ever roam the planet took a walk along the seaside in what is now France. When they left, their footprints remained, eventually turning to stone. Geological processes shook up that ancient beach, creating a cavern beneath where the animals—titanosaurs—roamed, leaving what you see above: dinosaur tracks on the ceiling of a natural cavern. To me, the trace fossil footprints in Castelbouc Cave reflect what caves are: a window to the past, which show us how different the world once was to what it is today…at least aboveground.