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An Ice Age Structure Made From the Bones of 60 Mammoths

Hundreds of mammoth bones were found at the Kostenki 11 site in Russia.
Hundreds of mammoth bones were found at the Kostenki 11 site in Russia. Image: A. J. E. Pryor et al., 2020/Antiquity

Scientists have found structures made from mammoth bones before, but the one found at the Kostenki 11 site near the Russian city of Voronezh is now the largest in the archaeological record. Dating back approximately 25,000 years, it’s also the oldest. The structure measures 41 feet wide (12.5 meters) and was made from hundreds of woolly mammoth bones. The structure may have provided refuge from the harsh ice age winters, and possibly a place to store and stockpile food.