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Barberton Makhonjwa Mountains, South Africa

The Makhonjwa Mountains as seen from the Eureka Viewpoint on the geotrail near Barberton, Mpumalanga.
The Makhonjwa Mountains as seen from the Eureka Viewpoint on the geotrail near Barberton, Mpumalanga. Photo: Wikus De Wet/AFP (Getty Images)

South Africa’s Barberton Makhonjwa Mountains are home to some of the most ancient rocks on Earth at more than 3 billion years old. They also lie within what’s known as the Barberton Greenstone Belt. But deforestation and crop grazing have started to degrade the area, leading to emissions that are on the rise.

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