The Soyuz crew ship
Following the retirement of the Space Shuttle, NASA relied heavily on Russia’s Soyuz spacecraft to transport its astronauts to the ISS. Soyuz was designed for the Soviet space program and has been operational since the 1960s. Unlike its orbital counterparts on this list, this spacecraft was not developed by, or with the help of, NASA but it still deserves an honorable mention. The spacecraft launches from Kazakhstan and takes about six hours to arrive at the ISS. A seat swap arrangement with the Russian space agency Roscosmos occasionally sees NASA astronauts still riding aboard the Soyuz.
