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Mycoplasma genitalium

An illustration of drug-resistant Mycoplasma genitalium
An illustration of drug-resistant Mycoplasma genitalium Illustration: CDC/Jennifer Oosthuizen

The infection: Mycoplasma genitalium, sometimes known as Mgen. Data is limited on its prevalence, but some research has suggested that around 1% to 3% of the global population may carry it.

Symptoms and long-term effects: Its acute symptoms are very similar to chlamydia (discharge, burning while urinating). In women, it can cause an inflamed cervix and pelvic inflammatory disease, a serious condition that can lead infertility if untreated.

How to treat it: Antibiotics, but the emergence of resistant strains have necessitated the need for combination treatment in many cases.